History of Gender in Fashion

History of Gender in shapeRole of designers need not be grammatical gender biased or biology biased. A detailed scrutiny into gender and sex shows one is biological and other societal. For instance, fe potents, biologic on the wholey atomic number 18 designed to admit birth. Once they have given birth and performed the mammalian function, they can take up a role of hunter or a warrior. The terms hunter and nester refer to manful and feminine. Masculine describes an approach that is abstract in nature, usually focused on a splendid thought, the way of a hunter. hostile to this, feminine approach is considered to be orchestrating detailed decisions contributing to wider set of objectives, the way of a nester. Regard slight of sex, direction designers can be categorized into 3 companys- Hunter, squatter and nester- hunter designer. Hunter designers are those who have focused approach on one thing but to do that very efficiently. Designers in nester group have broad minded appro ach. They aspire to take steps in sequence contributing to a decision keeping in mind long term objectives.Fashion was not al slipway a gendered occurrence. Until eighteenth century, both men and women decked themselves with elaborate dresses. Costume historians have elaborated that gender distinction in dress was not that prominent until nineteenth century. men and women in elite class often emulated abundant show of rich velvets, fine silks, lace, decorative footwear, wigs, signal embellishments and scented powders. Men in pink suits, gold and silver jewelry and embroidered shirts were considered very masculine, regardless of choice of color or ornaments worn. The more(prenominal) intricate the dress, the higher(prenominal) used to be the status of the wearer in the society. Fashion was not only a womens affair then. It became feminized since nineteenth century when gender representation became stronger than societal class.With the relinquish of century, not only formulate became more feminized, but male identity went through a distinct change with modernization. Early theorists related fashion to the sociable status of women. The affluent displayed their wealth by ornamenting their wives and daughters exuding an air of sophistication. The women also spent endless efforts and hours to be ladies. At the end of eighteenth century bourgeois male went through the great masculine renunciation, as a result of which men gave up wearing all the bright colors and jewelry leaving it to the womens domain.In post industrial societies, men were guided by occupational spheres. Their business and casual attire were starkly different. Also age segmentation has played a very prominent role in defining mens style. Amongst women, age segmentation is only for those who want to believe in it. Although the designer fashion tends to extend beyond the boundaries of masculinity, the gender fashion still exists between male and female fashion. To that extent, fashion may be a ssumed to be cultural, affecting consumers perception and experience of design.The impingement of gender is very evident in the visual betances in consumers mind. For instance, pink for the girl and blue for the boy goes the clich defining gender by color coding. In the designer world, industrial design is thought as male and textile design as female. Even design is rendered into gender stereotypes like feminine lace, dolls for girls, masculine leather, etc.As industriliazation took place, brotherly stratas on clothing transformed in eterms of occupation. The social chasm between lower class, middle and upper class was huge during the industrial era. Clothes were almost unavailable for the poor but were in abundance for the rich- for whom changes in fashions were created. Members of other social classes were just expected to emulate the rich if they wished to appear fashionable. By late nineteenth century clothes had become cheaper and accessible to lower classes of society. Midd le and upper class women spent substantial amount of their incomes on fashionable clothes. Mens social clothing became more and more simplified. Infact the concept of uniforms and dress codes gained importance to showcase the ranks in the bureaucratic organizations. In the twentieth century, clothes expect to have lost their economic relevance but not their symbolic relevance. This is because clothes are available in all price ranges to suit all pockets. Those with limited resources can still emulate fashion by creating personal styles which are expression of their identities rather than imitating styles of the affluent.Appearance of fashion indicated sudden appearance of a new social bond and a social temporality with time, fashion trends have changed. It has been dominated by cult, uniqueness, inspiration from local and foreign models. Fashion instituted the social power of minute signs which has an astonishing mechanism of social distinction of those who dress in an innovative w ay. It also draws inspiration from ancestral heritage and social norms.Fashion perhaps forms a major part in the construction of a social identity. It is an indication of how people in different eras showcased their positions and status boundaries. The most plain marks of social status and gender has been broadly showcased by Fashion. Fashion dictates the choices that people make in the form of culture, norms and appropriateness of the occasion. For instance, hats were a huge fashion statement and were worn to either showcase recognised or desired social status. Fashion clothing also revealed the occupation, social class and regional kickoff of a person. It distinguishes elite fashion from everyday fashion. There is very less in common amongst dressing style of a secretary a homemaker, a businessman and a law enforcement officer.As a social phenomenon, it has been treated as futile because of huge association of outward appearance with women.The face of fashion defines its phenome na. Female fashion emanates uniqueness and change. Mens interest in fashion is dictated by their occupation generally but womens interest depends upon their fascination with beauty.Now the nature of fashion seems to have changed. From nineteenth century when fashion was more on well defined standard of societal appearance has now evolved into being more contemporaneous. It has become indistinct, multifaceted and highly fragmented. New styles have been evolved over the years.Societies have changed dramatically in the past few decades. Social class has become less prominent in the contemporary society of today. Instead of class differentiation there is fragmentation of cultures within socities. 1960s was a special era in the sense where fashion emerged in lower status groups and adopted by the affluent. This fashion phenomena defied age and social barriers conveying pride to the trendsetter. In early 90s, designers triesd to be innovative by adding feminine elements to menswear.Also there seemed to be a female dominance over the culture. Fashion for women fits the definition of conflicted supremacy. Women have held contrasting position in different times ranging from marginally unconcealed to conservative to acceptable fashionable to feminine dominance and empowerment in 90s.Turrow believes lifestyles are now in hypersegmentation which isolates distributively lifestyle in its own niche. People are more likely to frequent changes in their lifestyle now. The mulitplicity of changes that such lifestyle in a contemporary society presents the opportunity to an indidual to break away from tradition.Todays individual constructs a send of identity from his past, present and future events, commitments and aspirations. The individual styles have also gone through frequent changes in line with their changing lifestyles. Personal orientation, income, education, family careers, social position influence a persons taste in fashion. The younger generation today, usually with more affluent background have post modernist attitude towards identity. Attitude of younger women towards fashion is that of liberalization, power and personal panache. Men are now borrowing elements of costumes from women. Problems are faced when there is persistence to keep male gender above the female one. Today men spend lot of time and money on hair styling, appearance, fashionable clothing and skin products. These men are being coined as metrosexual. A metrosexual man willingly displays his masculinity from his ability to consume, showcase his talk physique to assert his identity as an urban middle class man.Yet again, fashion is being used to exhibit gender identity.Fashions most imminent trait is that it changes. With multiple demands on clothing and dressing, change is the only constant. Cross-dressing has come up as a welcome antidote to confining concepts of society and gender. It offers alternative ways to visualize and dress up a gender and might end up freeing the consumers restrictive thoughts on gender dressing.Realm of fashion in undergoing a radical change. Fashion contributes to newer definitions of social identities and newer attributes to personal preferences. Today because of globalization, fashion houses have to constantly innovate, think out of the box as consumers are no longer fashion victims. Gender studies in design have now challenged these contentious gender, sterotypes, cultural and societal outlook. Female designers earlier have been more public in ceramics, textile designs and men more prominent in abstract art and advertising designs. These self, societal and cultural divisions are breaking down now. Men and women both have critical roles to play as consumers and producers of design. People select styles to suit their identity, lifestyle and societal norms.Fashion is a choice not a compulsion. It is not a simple process to achieve equivalence between design and customer preference. Designers today are pushing gender based boundaries in fashion and almost pulverizing them. They are bringing to life their vision of what they consider fashion. Designers are now teaming up with people who have different perspectives to make an opposition in all their designs. They take pride in and gain strength from the richness of a multicultural society and recognize it as a straight growth . They work in an environment where they contribute their thoughts freely and create designs. These designs are sated with utmost creativity, uniqueness, abstractness and intricacy at the same time. This has become the definition of success.Sources usehttp//books.google.com/books?id=vphcHONAXmwCprintsec=frontcoverdq=what+is+fashion+as+an+identityhl=enei=G8I1TbSfBo6AhQet4pi_Cwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCMQ6AEwAAv=onepageqf=falsehttp//books.google.com/books?id=jxtMLGIdQ8cCpg=PA323dq=challenge+gender+and+stereotypes+in+fashionhl=enei=7i02TZ7PDcb-4wbn-M3fAgsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=8ved=0CFEQ6AEwBwv=onepageq=ch allenge%20gender%20and%20stereotypes%20in%20fashionf=falsehttp//books.google.com/books?id=LUWTJWXZ2QQCpg=PA10dq=male+and+female++fashionhl=enei=YVk1TdKHKonKhAfon7m8Cwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CCwQ6AEwAAv=onepageq=male%20and%20female%20%20fashionf=false

Effective Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Effective Treatment for generalise Anxiety maladyIntroductionIn primary superintend, as in opposite fields of medical practice, it is essential that doctors are able to apply the findings of scientific research to the circumstances of individual endurings as part of their clinical decision-making process. This is known as evidence based medicine. In this review I have taken an illness which often positions in primary anguish, namely Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), and by researching possible treatments have developed the skills necessary to search various databases for pertinent articles and the ability to assess the validity of the evidence found. In this review I focus specifically on Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy (CBT) as a electromotive force treatment for GAD.Generalized solicitude inconvenience is characterized by chronic, un checkerlable worry associated with a round-eyed range of physical symptoms including fatigue, headaches, muscle aches, difficulty swallowi ng, trembling, twitching, sweating, nausea and shortness of breath. A diagnosis of GAD is made when a person worries excessively near a variety of every day problems for at least 6 months. The disorder is common in later behavior, with a prevalence of 11.2% in primary kick where former(a) adults most often seek treatment and overall is more prevalent than either severe cognitive impairment or depression in the over 65s. Despite this, concern disorders in the ageing population have received relatively little research attention. Anxiety in later life has been linked to increased risk of physical disability, memory difficulties, decreased quality of life and in confiscate use of medical services .There are before long several treatment options available for GAD including drugs much(prenominal) as Benzodiazepines, Selective Serotonin Re-uptake Inhibitors (SSRIs), Azapir mavins, Barbituates and Pregablins. There are as well alternative treatment options such as herbal remedies and psychotherapy such as Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy and Psychodynamic Psychotherapy. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a form of psychotherapy which targets problematic emotions and behaviours via a range of approaches and can be utilize aboard music or as an alternative to it. When used to treat anxiety disorders the principle regularitys include education and awareness, motivational interviewing, relaxation training, cognitive restructuring, exposure, problem-solving skills training and behavioral sleep management. Unlike anxiolytics, CBT has no known view effects or risk of physical dependence. Anxiolytics are currently the most common treatment for late-life anxiety and surveys suggest that up to 20% of non-institutionalized elderly persons may be using benzodiazepines. However, the use of these medications as a long line treatment for anxiety disorders is associated with potential risks for elderly forbearings such as cognitive impairment, falls and hip fractures, dru g interactions and toxicity. Also an over-reliance on medication may neglect potentially important psychosocial factors such as social funding, coping skills and interpersonal relationships. In light of this it is important that the military strength of CBT is assessed as it could prove a useful alternative to long term medication especially in the ageing population.MethodI conducted initial research using textbooks and the internet and then used different databases to search for relevant papers and articles. Searches were primarily conducted using MedLine (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System) as it contains knowledge from a wide range of fields including Medicine, Nursing, Pharmacy, Biology and Biochemistry and contains over 18 million records from approximately 5,000 publications. Web of Knowledge was also used as it encompasses not only MedLine but also other databases such as the tender Sciences Citation Index. I also conducted searches using Scopus and the Coch rane Library but often found that the Cochrane Library yielded few or no results so these searches have been omitted. By beginning with broad search terms it was possible to refine these to yield fewer, more relevant results.An initial search of the terms cognitive-behavioral therapy and generalized anxiety disorder yielded the following results. The search was also limited to include articles which had both these terms in the title and in the abstract.Various spellings and abbreviations such as CBT and GAD were used when searching for cognitive-behavioural therapy and generalized anxiety disorder in order to achieve a high number of results and to ensure articles werent overlooked. After searching through the results, exercise abstracts and dismissing articles which werent relevant to this topic or freely available, 4 articles were chosen to be included in this review. I chose to specifically focus on RCTs as this is the strongest examine design for testing cause and effect relat ionships. When critically appraising the papers included in this review, a series of questions primarily derived from the CASP (Critical Appraisal Skills Programme), but also incorporating other sources, were used and articles were judged on how much information they provide and the quality of the evidence. Examples of these questions are as follows.Did the run have a clear objective?Is an RCT an appropriate news report design to answer this question?How were the participants randomized?What was the average age of the participants?What were the exclusion criteria for participants?Were the subjects in each of the conclaves similar on demographic and baseline clinical variants?How did the trial adjust for attrition?When/how often was data collected from participants during follow up?How were outcomes measured?Were dilate of effect sizes and statistical significance given?Did the reputation have enough participants?Does the paper present a clear result?ResultsDiscussionThe first gear reckon looked at was an RCT published in 1996 entitled Treatments of Generalized Anxiety in Older Adults A Preliminary Comparison of Cognitive-Behavioural and Supportive Approaches. This trial compared CBT with non directive Supportive Psychotherapy (SP), a form of therapy which involves education, guidance, listening to the patient and encouraging expression of emotions. Results showed significant improvement in all measured outcomes for both interventions and generally large effect sizes. However, no significant differences were found mingled with the the deuce groups. The authors gave an extensive list of exclusion criteria, including current involvement in psychotherapy and low MMSE scores, which limits confounding factors and at that placefore the likeliness of type 1 errors. A major limitation of this study however is the high level of attrition. This study design could possibly be improved if it were to include another control group, which receives no treatment, with which to compare the two interventions with. In this respect the more recent trial Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in older adults, which is discussed later, improves on this trial and has a significantly lower attrition rate. However, the authors of this trial argue that by failing to include a waiting-list control group they alleviated the need to restrain treatment from any patients, which could be deemed ethically questionable. This trial had a follow-up assessment period of 6 months which is relatively short compared to the other studies in this review, one of which has a follow-up period of 15 months. It is arguable that this will limit conclusions made in this study regarding the long-term durability of treatment. Unlike other studies this study did not measure the effect of either intervention on the participants quality of life which is an important factor to consider as GAD has such a profound effect on the sufferers quality of life.An RCT published February 20 03 entitled Treatment of generalized anxiety disorder in older adults, compared CBT with a discussion group (DG) and patients receiving no treatment on a waiting list period (WL). The discussion group was organized around worry provoking topics and was designed to be structurally comparable with(predicate) to CBT. DG consisted of a series of 12 discussions focused on topics known to be worry-provoking for older adults, including memory problems, health concerns, loss of emancipation and death of friends and family. Both the CBT and DG groups consisted of 4-6 participants and a group leader, one of cardinal advanced doctoral students in clinical psychology. These leaders were spread across the two interventions and each leader chaired at least one CBT group and one DG in order to avoid confounding the effectiveness of the therapist with the effectiveness of the therapeutic model. Participants in both CBT and DG were asked to spend approximately 30 minutes a day on homework exerci ses. The study gave full details of exclusion criteria including commencement of psychotropic medication within the past 2 months. Patients who had started medication more than 2 months ago were included but were asked not to motley their dose or type of medication for the duration of the trial. However, in light of this it is possible to argue that including participants on any form of anxiolytic medication restricts conclusions about the impact of CBT without concomitant pharmacological treatment. The authors included a table detailing demographic information about their study sample in order to living the generalisability of their findings. The table showed that participants came from a range of races, had differing marital and work statuses and suffered from a range of different medical conditions, the most common being osteoarthritis (36%) and hypertension (32%). Compared to the first study, participants not only scored themselves but were also assessed by trained research as sistants who were unaware of which group the patient had been assigned to. This adds an element of blinding which is not present in the first study. This was the only study in which patients rated their impression of the treatment after the first session. The participants rated the credibility of the intervention, their enjoyment, perceived effectiveness, likelihood of recommending the intervention to a friend, likelihood of participating again in the succeeding(a) and perceived improvement. This is a useful addition to the trial as a patients satisfaction with a treatment method has a big impact on adherence and possibly symptom improvement. The results showed that participants in both CBT and DG improved compared to the waiting period but in that respect was no significant difference between the two interventions. However, when effect sizes were calculated showed large effects whereas DG showed medium sized effects. Essentially this study shows that CBT is crack than no treatme nt but gives no significant evidence to suggest that it is better than other forms of intervention such as group discussion. This is an interesting bit which mirrors the findings of the first trial which compared CBT to SP.An RCT published in April 2003 entitled Cognitive- Behavioral Treatment of late-life generalized anxiety disorder (M A Stanley et al. 2002) evaluated the efficacy of CBT compared to minimal impinging control (MCC). The results showed a significant improvement in worry, anxiety, depression and quality of life following CBT compared to MCC. 45% of patients were classed as responding to treatment compared with 8% who received MCC. Importantly these gains were maintained or enhanced over a 1 year follow-up. However, as in the other RCTs in this review, patients did not report a complete show to normal functioning or a complete removal of symptoms. When recruiting participants for this trial the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule-IV was used as a diagnostic tool. Patients underwent two cave in diagnostic interviews conducted by two different evaluators over a period of at least two weeks. These evaluators were unaware of any previous diagnoses made. This shows that all participants in the study had symptoms which were consistent and were not prone to varying over time, which cerebrates that any change during follow up assessment was more likely to be due to the intervention than to fluctuations in the severity of their GAD. The study commented on potential variance in results due to gender and explained how they had adjusted for this. Similarly to the last study, this study used not only self-reported scores but also independent clinician rated scores. Unlike previous studies this trial did not include any participants currently receiving medication for their GAD or associated symptoms in order to assess the effectiveness of CBT alone and not in conjunction with medication.A Randomised Control Trial, conducted by M A Stanley et al. entitl ed Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Generalized Anxiety Disorder Among Older Adults in Primary Care (2009) compared group CBT conducted in primary care clinics over 3 months with a control of enhanced usual care (EUC). The authors chose to use group CBT rather than individual, one-on-one CBT as they believed that the loss of social support often experienced as a consequence of ageing indicated the potential benefits of group treatment. The results of this trial showed that CBT significantly improved worry severity, depressive symptoms and general mental health but there was no difference in GAD severity between the two groups. The authors clearly set out their objective and gave detailed information on where the study was set, where participants were chosen from, details of the intervention and main outcome measures at the start of the paper. The fact that the patients were recruited exclusively from a primary care backdrop and that the intervention was delivered in primary care mak es this evidence particularly useful for this review. During recruitment all potential participants were screened using two questions from the Primary Care paygrade of Mental Disorders, as well as undergoing the Mini-Mental State Examination and a Structured Diagnostic Interview, in order to ensure that all had the same diagnosis and similar GAD severity. Race and ethnicity of participants were identified and the data used to facilitate conclusions about the generalizability of the data. The authors commented on effect sizes and stated that the effect sizes for symptom improvement were comparable to or greater than those in recent primary care studies of younger adults with GAD and older adults with depression. The authors also commented that participants in this trial scored slightly lower mean change in worry severity over time scores in comparison with Treatment for Generalized Anxiety Disorder in older adults that was conducted several years earlier. One possible limitation of both this study and the previous study is that patients in the control group received minimal contact with health professionals compared to the intervention group. This may leave patients olfactory perceptioning neglected and as they are aware that theyre not receiving any form of treatment, they may not sway to get better and subsequently score themselves lower on assessment than otherwise. In this respect the first two studies are somewhat better designed, as they compare CBT to interventions which involve a similar contact. The second study in particular deals with this issue well by comparing CBT with a discussion group, which requires the patient to be involved with the intervention, and a waiting list period in which the patient is very much aware that they are receiving no treatment.Several studies of anxiety in older adults have been conducted using community or senior centre volunteers with self-diagnosed, subjective anxiety symptoms and therefore the findings from these studies may not be applicable to a clinical population. In contrast the four RCTs included in this review were all conducted on patients with diagnosed GAD and CBT and was delivered in a primary care setting. All the studies gave detailed information on how the participants were randomized and how drop-outs were dealt with and had a follow-up period of at least 6 months.ConclusionIn conclusion, all four studies showed that CBT improves levels of anxiety, as well as other associated symptoms of GAD, when compared to both baseline measures and no treatment. However these studies also showed that when CBT is compared to other forms of therapy, namely Supportive Psychotherapy and discussion groups, there are no significant differences between the two interventions. Although CBT does lead to significant alleviation of symptoms, this evidence does not indicate that CBT is a long lasting reanimate for GAD and it does not prove CBT to be a better treatment option than other forms of psycho therapy. Therefore it is important to question whether or not the benefits matte by participants receiving CBT, SP or DG are due to a placebo effect compared to participants who are left on a waiting list who may feel they are being neglected and do not expect any improvement in symptoms. This raises the issue of blinding which is a limitation of most credible trials including CBT as it is not possible to make the participant unaware of what intervention they are receiving when when they have to actively participate in treatment.The dearth of clinical trials, particularly RCT trials, investigating CBT as a treatment for GAD needs to be addressed if an acceptable amount of evidence in favour of CBT is to be established. Suggestions for future trials include RCTs comparing the effectiveness of group CBT compared with individual CBT for older adults and trials comparing CBT with anxiolytic medications such as benzodiazepines. This is a particularly pertinent issue considering the sid e effects associated with anxiolytics and old age, as previously mentioned. Future trials should aim to recruit a larger number of participants than seen in most of the studies discussed. In theory this should not be difficult if the prevalence of GAD in the elderly population is as alarmingly high as some statistics indicate.

The United Kingdom Should NOT Leave the European Union Essay -- Europea

The European Union is a powerful and influential organization consisting of twenty seven countries with significantly strong economies including the renowned United Kingdom. The UK benefits greatly from being a member of this union. However countless British g all overnment officials and politics as well as the self-righteous citizens of the dry land think that the EU is preventing the UKs authority from developing further. The truth is entirely different, by being the Member State of the EU, Great Britain is part of the entire knowledge bases leading market, it has a greater economy than that of Japan and the USA combined and takes up a strong position in the world. Great Britain is cognise in the world for its great history as being a world power in the early 20th century and the 19 century. It chill out remains the sixth-largest economy and is famous for its military, political and economical strength. It is strong and influential to a certain degree. It currently has aroun d 62.74 million citizens but as the mugwump and famous for her ideals Margaret Thatcher stated, On our own as a nation of 55 million, we would have some voice, but not enough. The European Union represents over 500 million people which means that if Britain decides to remain in the EU it is in fact much more powerful than any other subject country and has a louder, more powerful and more convincing voice all over the globe. Would you want to be living in a insignificant country which is controlled and vulnerable?Moreover America and other equally authoritative allies want Britain to remain in the EU. Washington would begin to ignore the UK delinquent to its insignificance, so there will be less communication about peace and helping the environment. The membership a... ...ependent on the EU, Brian Ardy, Iain Begg and Dermot Hodson, European Institute, South Bank University http//www.ft.com/cms/s/0/81dfcf0c-f543-11e2-94e9-00144feabdc0.html membership www.telegraph.co.uk News N ews Topics EU Referendumhttp//www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2375655/If-left-EU-UK-drift-irrelevance-says-Prince-Williams-adviser.html http//www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/comment/10206639/Enough-is-enough-lets-leave-the-http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/politics/10195775/EU-is-good-for-Britain-Government-review-finds.html http//www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/02/europe-eu-uk-economy-small-businesseshttp//www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/what-if-britain-left-the-eu-7904469.htmlhttp//britain-watch.co.uk/2013/11/ten-questions-for-the-cbi-and-corporate-bosses-who-talk-about-britains-place-in-the-eu/

High Tech Cheating :: Academic Dishonesty Ethics

Academic misconduct is notion that encompasses multiple forms of academic deviance from imposition on a test and plagiarism to inappropriate collaboration. In forthwiths society, education is the key to every door everyone needs it and will go by any means to obtain it. Furthermore, with advancements in technology and the internet, cheating for todays aspiring student has become more accessible, portable and it has completely desensitized the concept of academic integrity. With this ever growing problem, educators be struggling to combat this academic deviance.In an effort to combat the use of technology to cheat in academia, teachers have pursued multiple avenues of prevention. One such method involves the organize banning of electronics in the classroom. A student caught even possessing such a device is accordingly punished. This method prevents the immediate use of cell phones, PDAs, music players, and separate portable devices, but does not necessarily address such issue s as plagiarism. Another method is to limit the accessibility to external networks such as the internet. If a student cant access the World Wide spelling error -- the preceding two words should be spelled as one word Web from inwardly the classroom, he or she is less capable of obtaining information posted online. The major problem with this approach is that some communication devices, such as cell phones, hold outt require wireless access. Access to cell phone towers can sometimes be just as accommodating as the internet to a student during an exam. Yet another method utilized utilize is an over-used word and has become hackneyed and a clich. Use it only to mean make unafraid use of, as in Many teachers utilize computers for instruction. For all other cases, prefer use. by some educators to combat cheating using technology is to hale technology in helping to monitor the activity of students during testing. One such professor went so far as to have the students use their PDAs for quizzes. The catch was that the students had to use the same PDAs they used throughout the semester and were required to log onto the course web site using an authentication work out allowing them to take the test from the proper classroom at the proper time (Read, 2004, p. 3). In any method, the end result Word use these two words are redundant (one is either the same as the other or contained in it) eliminate the first with no change in meaning.

The Evening News Versus Reality †My Internship at the White House :: Admissions Essay

The Evening News Versus Reality My Internship at the White House I press the button to playback my voicemail. So, Sharon, what war did you plan in Washington? I groan, and anticipate that the next seven messages are more of the same. I head downstairs, where a roommate had already monopolized the TV and am greeted with Hey, Sharon, your boys in trouble On every channel is the same picture, marines in body bags in a far away land. I had a very different White House internship from Monica Lewinskys. Mine came and went without too much national coverage. But I do understand Lewinskys awe of power. Though I was most impressed by all the people who worked so hard in D.C., I too was dazzled by the famous personages populating the city. It was hard not to be. Your neighbor might head negotiations for peace in the Middle East. Colin Powell might hold reach a door for you. The people filling the town were more than celebrities, they were influencing our future and the fate of nations. On the day of the Vice death chairs birthday, his staff threw him a party. All staff were invited, including lowly interns like me. I had not yet met the Vice President, and there was a rumor the President might show up. in the end I would have a chance to meet the man in command. Walking into the Indian Treaty Room, where the party was to be held, I scoped out the top hat spot to stand for a presidential encounter. I squeezed next to the birthday cake, figuring the Vice President had to stand there at some point, and I waited. I tried to appear outwardly calm, as if I go to these things all the time. I didnt want to seem too excited to the neurotic Secret Service, or remind a hard-hearted staffer of work needing to be done. But inside, my heart was pumping. Suddenly, the doors swung open and the Vice President casually strode in, smiling. The doors opened again, and President Bush came in, followed by the First Lady. Despite my efforts at nonchalance, my smile was jum ping into my ears. Mrs. Bush presented a birthday greeting, then walked over to the Vice President and dumped a bowl of popcorn on his head.

Yeats’ Leda and the Swan and Van Duyns Leda Essay -- Leda Swan Essays

Yeats Leda and the Swan and Van Duyns Leda In Greek mythology, Leda, a Spartan queen, was so beautiful that Zeus, ruler of the gods, decided he must have her. Since immortals commonly did not present themselves to humankind in their divine forms, Zeus changed himself into a great swan and in that shape ravished the helpless girl (Carey 58-59). Both William pantryman Yeats and Mona Van Duyn base their poems Leda and the Swan and Leda, respectively, on this story of a mystic marriage. Yeats focus on the sexual act itself, along with his allusions to Ledas progeny, manifest a inscribe and terrifying tone. While he raises Leda to a status similar to that of Mary, mother of Jesus, Van Duyn portrays Leda as a universal mother. By making both figures, Leda and Zeus, ordinary, she gives a surprising twist (Greiner 337) to the original myth, emphasized by her witty tone. In addition, whereas Yeats suggests that Leda has gained something from her encounter with Zeus, Van Duyn asserts that she has gained nothing, portraying women in general as primarily objects of mens room satisfaction. Yeats begins his poem by concentrating on the mere depiction of the rape scene. Words such as beating, dark, helpless, and terrified provide this violent act of intrusion with contradict connotations. The victim, Leda, is helpless against the power of the aggressor, Zeus, and terrified by his actions. Recalling the original Greek myth, Yeats clearly shows Ledas resistance at every step (staggering girl, helpless breast, terrified light-headed fingers push). Zeus relationship with Leda parallels human interaction in general with either Satan or God. In Christianity, the prevailing religion of Yeats time, pious men feat to push away ... ...f violence, and underlying religious motif. Overall, Yeats instills fear into the reader, while Van Duyn elicits an occasional laugh however, both poems are equally effective, one for its religious gist and the other for its man bashing. Wor ks Cited Barnhart, Clarence L. and Robert K. The World Book Dictionary. ChicagoDoubleday, 1985. Carey, Gary. Cliffs Notes on Mythology. Lincoln C.K. Hillegass, 1973. Greiner, Donald J. American Poets since World War II. Dictionary of LiteraryBiographies. DetroitDoubleday, 1980. Heaney, Seamus. The Redress of Poetry . revolutionary York Noonday, 1995. Magill, Frank N. Critical Survey of Poetry. Engelwood Cliffs Salem Press, 1982. Vol. 7 Torah The Five Books of Moses. Tanakh The Holy Scriptures. Philadelphia Jewish Publication Society, 1985.

Stephen King Essay -- Essays Papers

BIOGRAPHY ON STEPHEN KING Stephen Edwin King was born in Portland, Maine, on September 21, 1947, the son of Donald and Nellie Ruth king. His father, a merchant seaman, deserted the family in about 1950. His mother took a succession of low-paying jobs to support him and his brother, David. A lonely, rather introverted child, King invented a more outgoing alter ego cannon ball Cannon, a daredevil who did good deeds and derived other vicarious thrills from listening to tales of horror on the radio, reading such spine-tingling comic books as Weird Science, Tales from the Crypt, and Tales from the Vault. He also went to see science fiction and monster movies. In October 1957, the local theater manager interrupted a Saturday matinee screening of Earth vs. the Flying Saucers to tell the Soviet Unions launching of Sputnik, the first artificial earth satellite. It was then that King sensed for the first time a useful affiliation between the world of fantasy and that of what my Weekly Reader used to call current events. Eventually, countless viewings over the years of such classic horror films as The Invasion of the Body Snatchers, The Creature from the Black Lagoon, The Thing, and It came from Outer Space convinced him that the horror movies chief value is its ability to form a liaison between our fantasy fears and our real fears. The fortunate discovery of his fathers paperback collection of fantasy-horror fiction gave King, in his own words, a ...